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Sonics Play Moneyball: Part Three - The Front Office
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Kevin Pelton
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Joined: 30 Dec 2004
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Location: Seattle

PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 10:57 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dan Rosenbaum wrote:
That said, in my adjusted plus/minus work I have found that after accounting for traditional statisitics, minutes per game still helps explain why some players have higher adjusted plus/minus ratings than others.

Can you determine how much of this effect is on offense and how much on defense?

Bill James' theory about his similarity scores was that including playing time helped account for defense, in that players with abnormally low productivity for their minutes tend, on average, to be better defenders. It's a significant part of my rationale for including minutes in my similarity work.
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Dan Rosenbaum



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PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 11:11 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

admin wrote:
Dan Rosenbaum wrote:
That said, in my adjusted plus/minus work I have found that after accounting for traditional statisitics, minutes per game still helps explain why some players have higher adjusted plus/minus ratings than others.

Can you determine how much of this effect is on offense and how much on defense?

Bill James' theory about his similarity scores was that including playing time helped account for defense, in that players with abnormally low productivity for their minutes tend, on average, to be better defenders. It's a significant part of my rationale for including minutes in my similarity work.

Not easily and reliably, at least not yet. But I agree with your hypothesis. I would bet that what this is picking up is defense.
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jambalaya



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PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 2:01 pm    Post subject: per minute scores and projections- part two Reply with quote

"this article doesnt present any information about a separate player specific usage/performance expectation / projection number with the Sonics. is their one?"

you didnt answer that question. i guess i'll assume that implies there isnt one unless i hear otherwise.

two different arguments. but if there is only one number, that seems like a shortcoming to me.
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HoopStudies



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PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 2:21 pm    Post subject: Re: per minute scores and projections- part two Reply with quote

jambalaya wrote:
"this article doesnt present any information about a separate player specific usage/performance expectation / projection number with the Sonics. is their one?"

you didnt answer that question. i guess i'll assume that implies there isnt one unless i hear otherwise.


There's more than 2 numbers. There is established ability, forecasted ability, and uncertainty in that forecast. At least in my work. And when I talk to the brass, they understand that the uncertainty is important even when I don't show them the numbers.

Either way, I know that we all take stats put up by 19-yr old LeBron as much better than the same numbers put up by a 27-yr old vet. Whether you do it qualitatively or quantitatively, there is an understanding of the growth curve.
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jambalaya



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PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 2:32 pm    Post subject: thanks for the answer Reply with quote

ok. thanks for the clarification about current practices.
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CrazyFromTheHeat



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PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 4:19 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Current pts/48 minutes, with no minimum minutes. Please excuse the formatting:

NAME GP MPG PTS/48
1 J. O'Neal, IND 31 36.4 35.1
2 A. Stoudemire, PHO 49 36.4 34.4
3 ZhiZhi Wang, MIA 10 3.2 33.0
4 Allen Iverson, PHI 42 42.0 32.9
5 Dirk Nowitzki, DAL 45 39.5 32.6
6 Luke Jackson, CLE 10 4.3 32.4
7 S. O'Neal, MIA 49 35.1 31.7
8 Kobe Bryant, LAL 34 42.0 31.4
9 G. Arenas, WAS 45 39.9 29.7
10 Paul Pierce, BOS 48 36.3 29.6
11 LeBron James, CLE 44 41.5 29.3
12 Tim Duncan, SAS 48 34.9 29.3
13 Tracy McGrady, HOU 46 42.3 29.3
14 Dwyane Wade, MIA 46 38.7 29.2
15 Ben Gordon, CHI 44 22.7 29.0
16 Ray Allen, SEA 43 39.8 28.9
17 Chris Webber, SAC 39 36.0 28.8
18 Vince Carter, NJN/TOR 43 35.4 28.6
19 Ron Artest, IND 7 41.6 28.4
20 J. Richardson, GSW 39 38.0 28.1
21 Baron Davis, NOR 17 33.8 28.0
22 Michael Redd, MIL 45 38.2 27.9
23 Yao Ming, HOU 48 31.8 27.6
24 C. Maggette, LAC 38 36.7 27.6
25 Steve Francis, ORL 47 38.0 27.5

That's a pretty representative list of the perceived best scorers in the game. There's only two unusual names - Wang and Jackson - and both of these guys have very small samples. There aren't ANY players who play 15, 10, or even 5 minutes a night that project to star status if just given the minutes.

Also, keep in mind that Jackson, the 10th pick, may still prove to be a scorer, and Wang has averaged 23.5 pts/48 for his 1,196 career minutes.
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Ed Küpfer



Joined: 30 Dec 2004
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PostPosted: Tue Feb 08, 2005 9:14 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dan Rosenbaum wrote:
That said, in my adjusted plus/minus work I have found that after accounting for traditional statisitics, minutes per game still helps explain why some players have higher adjusted plus/minus ratings than others.

admin wrote:
Can you determine how much of this effect is on offense and how much on defense?

Dan Rosenbaum wrote:
Not easily and reliably, at least not yet. But I agree with your hypothesis. I would bet that what this is picking up is defense.

I am pretty sure you're right. But I applied a naive regression model, and the results weren't exaclty inspiring.

Code:
MPG = -18.167 + 0.387 * ORTG


Here are the players who play the most MPG beyond their expectations (25 MPG cutoff):

Code:
PLAYER           TEAM    expMPG  MPG     +/-
Walker,Antoine  ATL     18.5    40.1    +21.6
Jackson,Jim     HOU     20.4    41.3    +20.9
Jefferson,RicharNJN     20.2    41.1    +20.9
Iverson,Allen   PHI     21.8    42.0    +20.2
Harrington,Al   ATL     20.2    39.7    +19.5
Mcgrady,Tracy   HOU     22.9    42.3    +19.3
Bryant,Kobe     LAL     22.8    42.0    +19.2
Anthony,Carmelo DEN     17.9    36.2    +18.3
Jackson,Stephen IND     19.8    37.8    +18.0
Carter,Vince    NJN     22.1    39.7    +17.6
Richardson,JasonGSW     20.7    38.0    +17.3
Wallace,Ben     DET     20.1    37.3    +17.2
Mobley,Cuttino  SAC     22.0    38.7    +16.7
Hamilton,RichardDET     22.8    39.3    +16.5
Wesley,David    NOR     19.7    35.9    +16.3
Jamison,Antawn  WAS     23.1    39.3    +16.3
James,Lebron    CLE     25.5    41.5    +16.0
Okafor,Emeka    CHA     20.0    35.8    +15.9
Francis,Steve   ORL     22.3    38.0    +15.7
Crawford,Jamal  NYK     21.3    36.9    +15.7

I don't see a pattern there, as far as defense is concerned. I think offensive production is overwhelming defense.
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Kevin Pelton
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PostPosted: Wed Feb 09, 2005 1:44 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Are you using Dean's offensive ratings? That list seems to be over-punishing low-efficiency, high-volume guys. LeBron James, Tracy McGrady and Kobe Bryant should not be on that list.
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Mike G



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PostPosted: Wed Feb 09, 2005 7:47 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

A totally out-of-context snippet, followed by a question or 3:

"... Fortson is the quintessential example, but fellow Sixth Man Award contender Antonio Daniels ..."

Can 2 guys from the same team be "Sixth Men"?

Daniels is indeed #6 in minutes for the Sonics; Fortson is 8th-man, by that measure. Fellow reserve Radmanovic plays more than either. If James is the nominal starter at C, then Fortson is the #9 man.

Has any 6th-man winner played under 20 MPG ?
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jambalaya



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Posts: 282

PostPosted: Wed Feb 09, 2005 3:53 pm    Post subject: regarding per minute standard choice Reply with quote

only about a dozen player average 40 minutes a game or within a small fraction of it. that is an average of .4 players at that playing time level per team.

less than 50 players average 36 minutes a game or close enough to it.
that is an average of 1.7 per team.

so league wide 4.6 of the five players with the most playing time on a team fall short of a 40 minute standard and 3.3 of each 5 fall short of a 36 minute standard. those are large majorities falling short of the standard.


a 36 minute standard is better in my mind than 48 or 40 and not bad, but this data makes me inclined to use a 30 minute per minute standard in my own analysis, and just reward the few players who can and do play more with both their extra time and extra production. and not project the rest further beyond what is realistic (if their role changed and got bigger) given this playing time data.


110 players play 30 minute a night. that is 3.75 per team. that is a strong majority of top five minutes played guys.
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jambalaya



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PostPosted: Wed Feb 09, 2005 8:53 pm    Post subject: stepping up for around 20 to 30 minutes /gm comparison Reply with quote

i prepared this comparison of basically all the guys in the western conference who stepped up from around 20 minutes a night to around 30 minutes at some point in their careers. i found that a lot of the guys playing 30 minutes or more a night started out that way their first year- they are not included. i'd guess between half and two-thirds of the remaining guys getting to the 30 minute a night plateau did it in their second year. in a few cases, this transiton took place over 2 years rather than one. a few other guys who made the journey in a meadering or non-traditional pattern were not included.


last<20min seas min FGA pt reb ast / first>30 min seas min FGA pt reb ast

nesterovic c 16.9 4.4 4.5 3.9 0.6 27.1 8 8.4 6.5 0.9

e johnson c 18.8 4.4 5.5 5.4 0.6 31.7 5.7 7.1 11.1 0.9

t ratliff c 24.4 4.6 6.5 5 0.6
32.1 8.4 11.2 7.3 0.7

m okur c 19 5.9 6.9 4.7 1 26.8 8.5 12.3 7.4 1.8

c mihm c 17.4 4.7 6.1 5.1 0.2 25.6 8 10.6 7 0.6

s medved c 10.7 4.5 4.4 2.4 0.3 21.2 7.9 8.3 5 0.8

v divac c 19.7 6.7 8.6 6.2 0.9 28.2 7.8 11.2 8.1 1.1

b miller c 17.5 5.3 7.7 5.3 0.8 29 12.7 12.7 8.4 2.1

g ostertag c 11.6 3.2 3.7 3.1 0.1 23.6 5.3 7.3 7.3 0.4

c robinson c 25.9 10.4 12.4 5.1 1.7 34.8 17.1 20.1 6.7 1.9

d davis c 20.3 4.4 6.2 6.4 0.5 34.7 8.8 11.7 10.9 1.5

z randoplh pf 16.9 6.7 8.4 4.5 0.5 37.9 16.9 20.1 10.5 2

c boozer pf 25.3 7.6 10 7.5 1.3 34.6 12 15.5 11.4 2

t murphy pf 17.7 5.2 5.9 3.9 0.9 31.8 9.5 11.7 10.2 1.3

inside players 18.7 5.6 6.9 4.9 0.7 29.9 9.8 12.0 8.4 1.3

% change all inside players

min FGA pt reb ast

59.9% 75.1% 73.8% 72.0% 80.0%


v radman pf 20.2 5.8 6.7 3.8 1.3 30.1 10.6 12 5.3 1.8

j howard sf 23.7 7.9 8.6 5.5 1.5 32.2 10.1 11.7 6.5 1.5

l nailon sf 18.8 7.4 7.7 3 0.8 31.7 13.8 15.7 4.9 1.7

b bowen sf 21 4.5 5.1 2.2 0.7 32.7 7.1 7.6 3 1.6

r lewis sf 19.2 6.9 8.2 4.1 0.9 34.9 11.4 14.8 6.9 1.6

m hapring sf 22.3 6.4 8.2 4.3 0.9 28.8 9.4 11.1 4.3 1.8

s marion sf 24.7 9.2 10.2 6.5 1.4 36.2 14.7 17.3 10.7 2

p stojako sf 23.6 9.7 11.9 3.7 1.4 38.7 15.9 20.4 5.8 2.2

m dunleavysf 15.9 5.1 5.7 2.6 1.3 31.2 9.6 11.7 5.9 2.9

small forwards 21.0 7.0 8.0 4.0 1.1 32.9 11.4 13.6 5.9 1.9

% change all SFs

min FGA pt reb ast

56.5% 63.1% 69.2% 49.3% 67.6%



m ginobili sg 20.7 5.8 7.6 2.3 2 29.4 10.3 12.8 4.5 3.8

b wells sg 17.6 7.3 8.8 2.8 0.4 26.6 9.7 12.7 4.9 1.5

v leonard sg 10.8 4.7 5.9 1.7 1 28.9 9.4 12.3 3 2.2

b russell sg 9.8 2.4 3 1.5 0.5 31.2 7.7 10.8 4.1 1.5

t hudson sg 22.9 10.1 11.7 1.8 2 32.9 12.1 14.2 2.3 2.3

f hoiberg sg 13.5 3.4 4 1.9 0.7 27.3 7.4 9 3.6 2.7

r bell sg 15.6 2.8 3.1 1.9 0.8 27.4 10.4 11.8 2.9 1.4

k bryant sg 15.5 5.9 7.6 1.9 1.3 26 11.6 15.4 3.1 2.5

j johnson sg 27.5 9.7 9.8 3.2 2.6 40.6 15.7 16.7 4.7 4.4

q richardsonsg 23.2 9.3 9.4 4.1 1.6 36 16.4 17.3 4.8 0.9

d christie sg 25.6 8.3 10.1 3.8 2.9 38.6 11.7 14.5 5.3 3.9

c magette sg 19.7 7.1 10 4.2 1.2 31.3 12.1 16.8 5 1.9

b simmons sg 24.6 6.7 6.7 4.7 1.7 38.2 16.4 13.3 6.5 2.9

shooting guards 19.0 6.4 7.5 2.8 1.4 31.9 11.6 13.7 4.2 2.5

% change all SGs min FGA pt reb ast


67.8% 80.7% 81.8% 52.8% 70.6%



b barry pg 18.5 6.4 7.5 1.9 2.6 32.7 10.8 13.7 3.5 3.2

b davis pg 18.6 5.3 5.9 2 3.8 38.9 11.7 13.8 5 7.3

s cassell pg 24.9 10.3 12.3 3.1 3.6 33.8 16.4 19.4 3.6 6.5

l ridnour pg 16.1 5.1 5.5 1.6 2.4 32 9.1 10.2 2.5 6.1

c arroyo pg 6.5 2.5 2.8 1.4 2.5 28.3 10.8 12.6 2.6 5

c atkins pg 19.8 9 9.5 1.5 3.7 29.2 11.8 12 2.1 4.1

s nash pg 21.9 7.7 9.1 2.1 3.5 31.7 7.9 7.9 2.9 5.5

d fisher pg 23.1 6.2 6.3 1.8 2.8 35.5 9.4 11.5 3 4.4

m jarkic pg 20.9 6.8 7.4 2.4 2.9 30.3 8.2 8.5 3 4.8

point guards 18.9 6.6 7.4 2.0 3.1 32.5 10.7 12.2 3.1 5.2

% change all PGs min FGA pt reb ast


71.7% 62.1% 65.3% 58.4% 68.7%




projected to 30 minutes per game

last<20min seas min FGA pt reb ast / first30 min seas min FGA pt reb ast



nesterovic c 30 7.8 8.0 6.9 1.1 30 8.9 9.3 7.2 1.0

e johnson c 30 7.0 8.8 8.6 1.0 30 5.4 6.7 10.5 0.9

t ratliff c 30 5.7 8.0 6.1 0.7 30 7.9 10.5 6.8 0.7

m okur c 30 9.3 10.9 7.4 1.6 30 9.5 13.8 8.3 2.0

c mihm c 30 8.1 10.5 8.8 0.3 30 9.4 12.4 8.2 0.7

s medved c 30 12.6 12.3 6.7 0.8 30 11.2 11.7 7.1 1.1

v divac c 30 10.2 13.1 9.4 1.4 30 8.3 11.9 8.6 1.2

b miller c 30 9.1 13.2 9.1 1.4 30 13.1 13.1 8.7 2.2

g ostertag c 30 8.3 9.6 8.0 0.3 30 6.7 9.3 9.3 0.5

c robinson c 30 12.0 14.4 5.9 2.0 30 14.7 17.3 5.8 1.6

d davis c 30 6.5 9.2 9.5 0.7 30 7.6 10.1 9.4 1.3

z randoplh pf 30 11.9 14.9 8.0 0.9 30 13.4 15.9 8.3 1.6

c boozer pf 30 9.0 11.9 8.9 1.5 30 10.4 13.4 9.9 1.7

t murphy pf 30 8.8 10.0 6.6 1.5 30 9.0 11.0 9.6 1.2

inside players 30 8.9 11.1 7.8 1.1 30 9.8 12.0 8.4 1.3

inside players FGA pt reb ast


9.5% 8.7% 7.5% 12.6%


v radman pf 30 8.6 10.0 5.6 1.9 30 10.6 12.0 5.3 1.8

j howard sf 30 10.0 10.9 7.0 1.9 30 10.1 11.7 6.5 1.5

l nailon sf 30 11.8 12.3 4.8 1.3 30 13.8 15.7 4.9 1.7

b bowen sf 30 6.4 7.3 3.1 1.0 30 7.1 7.6 3 1.6

r lewis sf 30 10.8 12.8 6.4 1.4 30 11.4 14.8 6.9 1.6

m hapring sf 30 8.6 11.0 5.8 1.2 30 9.4 11.1 4.3 1.8

s marion sf 30 11.2 12.4 7.9 1.7 30 14.7 17.3 10.7 2

p stojako sf 30 12.3 15.1 4.7 1.8 30 15.9 20.4 5.8 2.2

m dunleav sf 30 9.6 10.8 4.9 2.5 30 9.6 11.7 5.9 2.9

small forwards 30 10.0 11.5 5.7 1.6 30 11.4 13.6 5.9 1.9

% change all SFs FGA pt reb ast

14.4% 18.6% 4.7% 17.6%


m ginobili sg 30 8.4 11.0 3.3 2.9 30 10.5 13.1 4.6 3.9

b wells sg 30 12.4 15.0 4.8 0.7 30 10.9 14.3 5.5 1.7

v leonard sg 30 13.1 16.4 4.7 2.8 30 9.8 12.8 3.1 2.3

b russell sg 30 7.3 9.2 4.6 1.5 30 7.4 10.4 3.9 1.4

t hudson sg 30 13.2 15.3 2.4 2.6 30 11.0 12.9 2.1 2.1

f hoiberg sg 30 7.6 8.9 4.2 1.6 30 8.1 9.9 4.0 3.0

r bell sg 30 5.4 6.0 3.7 1.5 30 11.4 12.9 3.2 1.5

k bryant sg 30 11.4 14.7 3.7 2.5 30 13.4 17.8 3.6 2.9

j johnson sg 30 10.6 10.7 3.5 2.8 30 11.6 12.3 3.5 3.3

q richardsonsg 30 12.0 12.2 5.3 2.1 30 13.7 14.4 4.0 0.8

d christie sg 30 9.7 11.8 4.5 3.4 30 9.1 11.3 4.1 3.0

c magette sg 30 10.8 15.2 6.4 1.8 30 11.6 16.1 4.8 1.8

b simmons sg 30 8.2 8.2 5.7 2.1 30 12.9 10.4 5.1 2.3

shooting guards 30 10.1 11.9 4.3 2.3 30 10.9 12.9 4.0 2.3

% change all SGs min FGA pt reb ast

7.7% 8.3% -8.9% 1.7%


b barry pg 30 10.4 12.2 3.1 4.2 30 9.9 12.6 3.2 2.9

b davis pg 30 8.5 9.5 3.2 6.1 30 9.0 10.6 3.9 5.6

s cassell pg 30 12.4 14.8 3.7 4.3 30 14.6 17.2 3.2 5.8

l ridnour pg 30 9.5 10.2 3.0 4.5 30 8.5 9.6 2.3 5.7

c arroyo pg 30 11.5 12.9 6.5 11.5 30 11.4 13.4 2.8 5.3

c atkins pg 30 13.6 14.4 2.3 5.6 30 12.1 12.3 2.2 4.2

s nash pg 30 10.5 12.5 2.9 4.8 30 7.5 7.5 2.7 5.2

d fisher pg 30 8.1 8.2 2.3 3.6 30 7.9 9.7 2.5 3.7

m jarkic pg 30 9.8 10.6 3.4 4.2 30 8.1 8.4 3.0 4.8

point guards 30 10.4 11.7 3.1 4.9 30 9.9 11.2 2.9 4.8


% change all PGs FGA pt reb ast


-5.6% -3.7% -7.7% -1.7%


looking at the data standardized to 30 minutes per game, the changes by stat category are fairly modest, generally less than 10% and mostly up in their first major role averaging around 30 minutes a night compared to a previous season at around 20 minutes (in most cases from one year to the next, but in some cases over a two year period where the minute increase was more gradual).

inside players improved across the board including in the number of shots and points per 30 minutes.

small forwards showed the most improvement overall, though less so on the skill of rebounding.

shooting guards actually declined on rebounding and only gained modestly on assists. they increased in shots and points, with the efficency improving slightly.

point guards declined modestly across the board, using the 30 minute standardization.


i didnt analyze how much further the players improved (or not) in future years after stepping up to around 30 minutes a night, or when they plateaued or declined.
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NickS



Joined: 30 Dec 2004
Posts: 247

PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2005 12:43 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Ed Küpfer wrote:

Here are the players who play the most MPG beyond their expectations (25 MPG cutoff):

Code:
PLAYER           TEAM    expMPG  MPG     +/-
[snip]
Iverson,Allen   PHI     21.8    42.0    +20.2
Mcgrady,Tracy   HOU     22.9    42.3    +19.3
Bryant,Kobe     LAL     22.8    42.0    +19.2
Wallace,Ben     DET     20.1    37.3    +17.2
James,Lebron    CLE     25.5    41.5    +16.0

I don't see a pattern there, as far as defense is concerned. I think offensive production is overwhelming defense.


How are you calculating these numbers? They don't seem to pass the "laugh test". Is there anyone who actually thinks that T-Mac should only be playing 23 mpg, AI 22mpg, or Ben Wallace 20 mpg? Out of curiousity if you sort by expMPG, who shows up at the top?
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Ed Küpfer



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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2005 12:55 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

NickS wrote:
How are you calculating these numbers?


It's in my post somewhere above: MPG = something + something else * Offensive Rating. The underlying idea, a good one, is that players get exactly the playing time they deserve. If we can isolate how much playing time a player's offense is worth, and subtract that from his actual playing time, we'll get a number that shows how much that player's defense is worth.

Unfortunately, it doesn't work. Alas.

NickS wrote:
They don't seem to pass the "laugh test". Is there anyone who actually thinks that T-Mac should only be playing 23 mpg, AI 22mpg, or Ben Wallace 20 mpg?

That's not what that number means. The expected number of minutes is based only on the player's offensive contributions.

Quote:
Out of curiousity if you sort by expMPG, who shows up at the top?

I'm afriad all that data is gone.
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NickS



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PostPosted: Thu Feb 10, 2005 1:07 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Ed Küpfer wrote:
NickS wrote:
How are you calculating these numbers?


It's in my post somewhere above: MPG = something + something else * Offensive Rating. The underlying idea, a good one, is that players get exactly the playing time they deserve. If we can isolate how much playing time a player's offense is worth, and subtract that from his actual playing time, we'll get a number that shows how much that player's defense is worth.

Unfortunately, it doesn't work. Alas.

NickS wrote:
They don't seem to pass the "laugh test". Is there anyone who actually thinks that T-Mac should only be playing 23 mpg, AI 22mpg, or Ben Wallace 20 mpg?

That's not what that number means. The expected number of minutes is based only on the player's offensive contributions.


Thanks for the clarification. I actually mostly figured that out after I posted, but the explanation helps. So the theory is dependent on assuming (1) that players get exactly the playing time they deserve and (2) that we can measure their offensive contributions.

You would think, with all the work that's been done that (2) could, at least be true but as KP pointed out the ORTG that you were using seems to undervalue high output / low efficiency scorers. I know that in BoP DeanO mentions a rule-of-thumb adjustement to increase ORTG credit for players who use more possessions (I don't remember the rule, however). I wonder how the list would change if you made that modification.
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