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Predictors of Adjusted Offensive and Defensive +/- Ratings
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Dan Rosenbaum



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
Posts: 541
Location: Greensboro, North Carolina

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 12:38 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

jkubatko wrote:
Dan, have you thought about using FTA/FGA instead of FTA? I'm just curious how that would influence the results.

Yes, I have wondered what it would mean to add a variable like that in these regressions. It would, kind of, be identifying a player type, although is a guy who shoots half as many free throws and field goals the same player type regardless of whether he shoots 10 FGA per 40 minutes or 20 FGA per 40 minutes. Even if the variable fit the model better, I just am struggling how to interpret what it would mean in that context.
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Dan Rosenbaum



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
Posts: 541
Location: Greensboro, North Carolina

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 12:41 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

John Quincy wrote:
What are the coefficients for estimating overall adjusted plus/minus? Are they just the sums of the offensive and defensive coefficients?

The overall adjusted plus/minus rating combines (1) the offensive adjusted plus/minus rating, (2) the offensive statistical plus/minus rating, (3) the defensive adjusted plus/minus rating, and (4) the defensive statistical plus/minus rating.
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Dan Rosenbaum



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
Posts: 541
Location: Greensboro, North Carolina

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 1:12 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I am not sure that anybody will be interested in this, but it appears that Winston and/or Sagarin might be checking in on our board here every once in awhile.

http://mb15.scout.com/fillinoisinsiderfrm1.showMessageRange?topicID=56343.topic&start=21&stop=40

I really wish one or the both of them would participate on the board. There surely would be ways short of giving away the store where they could benefit from interacting on this board. They are working for a team (the Mavs), but not in an intregral way like Sam Presti of the Spurs for whom it would be too compromising to participate in this forum.
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olcoach43



Joined: 10 Aug 2005
Posts: 28
Location: Indianapolis, Indiana

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 6:27 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

For those of you on the technical and scientific side of these issues I am curious as to where you think the emphasis should be placed- what is measured and included in your formula, or the methodology? I ask this question here because of your reference to Cuban's guys. Cuban was quoted in an article that he felt that the key to improving upon a system was to measure the right things.
If that is true, I am curious as to whether he, his coaches, or Sagarin/Winston decided on what to put in the original WINVAL?

I found this quote over at the illini board as well, and from the basketball side, it has relevance. I know that Dan might disagree, but I feel it is counter productive to ignore how the people you may want to sell to sees certain things. I am not suggesting that MagicTX is a GM,but I do agree with his assessemnt.

MagicTX86
Registered User
Posts: 309
(8/11/05 11:55:37 am
No reason to eat crow over such a call, true, but you did make a very definitive prediction on this matter with little basis to back up your position. All indications to date point to Paxson being very high on Duhon's role on the team and that he has just been waiting for Duhon to get an offer to set the market. He will be a Bull next season.

It's an art for GMs to build a team of top flight role players around the team's stars and
Paxson, so far, is showing that he really grasps this. Many GMs clearly do not.


Could it be that there could coexist competing views and systems, since basketball is/may not be like baseball due to its more dynamic nature? What I might want included and measured in a player evaluation system as a coach/GM on the basketball side may be different than what another coach/GM may want.

I think Cuban is onto something in terms of better identifying WHAT we measure. I am confident that the analysis process too often enagages irrelevant facts, data, etc.

I have read and digested from a basketball perspective the highly acclaimed book "blink" by Malcolm Gladwell and he offers great insights into the decision making process.
He refers to a concept called "thin slicing", where the great talents (Wooden, Jackson, Brown, Dean Smith, Knight, etc) are able to quickly discard irrelevant facts and make great decisions.

A classic example of this may be that of Jackson turning to the Triangle Offense and a non conventional handler (MJ) in the face of adversity (playing with the worst Post man in the league). I would call this coaching artistry, and it is a simple response that says, "Why would I want to play within a system that requires point guards and centers, when only mediocre or poor ones are availabale to me"?
I am also curious as to whether a challenge to repeat this process, with Kobe as a stand in for Jordan, is what drives Jackson back and why Kobe just may buy in.
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Eli W



Joined: 01 Feb 2005
Posts: 402

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 8:44 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dan Rosenbaum wrote:
John Quincy wrote:
What are the coefficients for estimating overall adjusted plus/minus? Are they just the sums of the offensive and defensive coefficients?

The overall adjusted plus/minus rating combines (1) the offensive adjusted plus/minus rating, (2) the offensive statistical plus/minus rating, (3) the defensive adjusted plus/minus rating, and (4) the defensive statistical plus/minus rating.


Thanks. I guess what I meant to ask was whether the coefficients for overall statistical plus/minus would just be the sums of the coefficients for offensive statistical +/- and defensive statistical +/-.
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Dan Rosenbaum



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
Posts: 541
Location: Greensboro, North Carolina

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 8:51 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

John Quincy wrote:
Dan Rosenbaum wrote:
John Quincy wrote:
What are the coefficients for estimating overall adjusted plus/minus? Are they just the sums of the offensive and defensive coefficients?

The overall adjusted plus/minus rating combines (1) the offensive adjusted plus/minus rating, (2) the offensive statistical plus/minus rating, (3) the defensive adjusted plus/minus rating, and (4) the defensive statistical plus/minus rating.


Thanks. I guess what I meant to ask was whether the coefficients for overall statistical plus/minus would just be the sums of the coefficients for offensive statistical +/- and defensive statistical +/-.

In the old version, I did not split things up into offensive and defense. But in this version the statistical plus/minus rating would be equal to the sum of the offensive and defensive statistical plus/minus ratings. (That's a mouthful.)
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Dan Rosenbaum



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
Posts: 541
Location: Greensboro, North Carolina

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 9:09 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

olocoach, you indirectly bring up a good point about context. Put a player in a different role and his value may change quite a bit. When I find myself giving advice to basketball people, I find myself talking about roles a lot.

Most players are not asked to dramatically change roles, even if they switch teams. So how effective they were in past roles usually is a good indicator of how effective they will be in future roles. And, of course, in the cases where a player's role changes dramatically, subjective analyses are also going to have difficulty predicting what might happen to a player's effectiveness.

And on Duhon, my system probably rates him higher than almost anyone else. And by all reports, it is Skiles who has pushed for Duhon; Paxson, I think, was leaning towards sending him to Europe last season.
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olcoach43



Joined: 10 Aug 2005
Posts: 28
Location: Indianapolis, Indiana

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 9:36 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Dan,
Actually, Duhon is a very highly rated player (34th overall) when measured by our BBIQNET system. (IQ, non-scoring positives, etc). Gordon is one of the lowest in the league due to turnovers and lack of assists, etc)
Skiles asks for two different things from them, and I think ver wisely so. As an old point guard in charge of things, Skiles wants stability at the point. Gordon can not provide that. That is why Duhon started 73 games and Gordon 3. There may be a better option for the Bulls at the point, but the answer does not lie in a choice between Duhon and Gordon. They play two different roles and offer Skiles two different things when it comes to job security. Long run, players like Gordon are a dime a dozen, while young intelligent players like Duhon are actually a rarity in the league. If I were in Skiles shoes, I would have argued for the same thing.

Tim Russell
Former College Coach
russellratings.com
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Mike G



Joined: 14 Jan 2005
Posts: 3548
Location: Hendersonville, NC

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 9:51 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

olcoach43 wrote:
... players like Gordon are a dime a dozen, while young intelligent players like Duhon are actually a rarity...


Holy cow, are you kidding? It looks to me that Ben Gordon is one of the top 30 scorers in the league. And he's a rookie, meaning he should get a lot better.

Overall, I've got him ranked #78 (in something I call eWins-per-minute). These rankings suggest he could easily start and be the top scorer on some NBA team. You must be talking about a very big dime.

Duhon doesn't have stats that make him look too impressive. So without looking, I'm impressed by a system that recognizes his value. The Bulls had a good year, and their coach seems to know something.

Yes, we are neighbors. (And I am less likely to let fellow Hoosiers get away with loose talk.) If you're in my area, look me up.


Last edited by Mike G on Fri Aug 12, 2005 11:31 am; edited 1 time in total
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olcoach43



Joined: 10 Aug 2005
Posts: 28
Location: Indianapolis, Indiana

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 10:10 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Mike,
I didn't mean to light such a big fire on the Gordon comment. Smile
Gordon may well get even better, and meet very high expectations as a top player/scorer. If so it will hinge upon his improving as handler, passer, defender, rebounder and decision maker.
The dime a dozen comment is directed at all the players out there who do not want to do anything but shoot the ball. That may not apply to Gordon...he may want to, but is not yet skilled enough to do so.

Tim Russell
Former College Coach
russellratings.com
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kjb



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
Posts: 863
Location: Washington, DC

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 10:57 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

I hadn't really looked all that closely at Gordon's season numbers until I read the last couple posts. He's an interesting player. I saw him up close for six games during the playoffs, in which I tracked his (and everyone else's individual defense). Links to the game-by-game defensive box scores are below. I can't seem to find game 6 for some reason.

Gordon does score a lot of points, but he's a turnover machine. He shoots the ball effectively -- in part because of a good percentage from 3pt range. His 4.5 turnovers per 48 minutes were 8th most in the league for everyone with more than 500 minutes. His PSA suggests someone who should have an offensive rating (DeanO's pts produced per 100 possessions) of around the league average, but the turnovers (and lack of assists) gave him an Ortg of 100 vs. a league avg. of 106. His PER comes in right at the league average.

I saw firsthand in the playoffs just how dangerous he could be so I'm not discounting his abilities. I guess I'd sorta figured his numbers would be a little better given his reputation. The bright side is that the turnovers are fixable -- his "Most Similar At Age" is Gilbert Arenas, who cut his turnovers per 48 from 5.3 in 03-04 to 3.5 last season.

The defensive box score links:

http://www.geocities.com/wizardskev/wizbullsgame1.htm
http://www.geocities.com/wizardskev/wizbullsgame2.htm
http://www.geocities.com/wizardskev/wizbullsgame3.htm
http://www.geocities.com/wizardskev/wizbullsgame4.htm
http://www.geocities.com/wizardskev/wizbullsgame5.htm

And, (just to pimp the hell out of myself) the SI.com article I did about the first few games of the series: http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2005/basketball/nba/specials/playoffs/2005/05/04/defense/
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Mike G



Joined: 14 Jan 2005
Posts: 3548
Location: Hendersonville, NC

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 11:29 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

WizardsKev wrote:
... His 4.5 turnovers per 48 minutes were 8th most in the league... an offensive rating ... around the league average, but the turnovers (and lack of assists) gave him an Ortg of 100 vs. a league avg. of 106. His PER comes in right at the league average.

I saw firsthand in the playoffs just how dangerous he could be so I'm not discounting his abilities. I guess I'd sorta figured his numbers would be a little better given his reputation. ..


An average-to-worse player that by firsthand observation and reputation seems to be very good... That, combined with DanVal's take, certainly indicate a statistical quandary.

Is it possible some of these measures aren't truly reflecting Gordon's worth?
Do ORtg and PER consider that his TS% was better than any other perimeter player the Bulls had (excepting the seldom-used Piatkowski)? He should probably have had about .5 fewer TO in his 24 MPG. Is that really enough to consider him an average-or-below offensive producer, given his scoring rate?

I'll take the extra 14 points and 1.3 TO from Gordon, over Duhon's extra 4 assists (per-36 rates). At the same time, I know Skiles is a better coach than I.
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Ben F.



Joined: 07 Mar 2005
Posts: 391

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 11:42 am    Post subject: Reply with quote

Is it possible to Allen Iverson corollary applies here (that I talked about in my post on Usage vs. Efficiency)?

Gordon's worth might be derived from being able to use a good number of possessions, without his efficiency dropping TOO far (although admittedly it is fairly low). He was 9th in the NBA last year in Usage, for players playing over 500 minutes, and the Bulls did seem like a team that didn't have a bona fide perimeter player that could shoulder a possession load - except for Gordon. Perhaps he allowed the other players to maximize their efficiency by playing at their ideal usage?
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kjb



Joined: 03 Jan 2005
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Location: Washington, DC

PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 12:11 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

Mike G wrote:


An average-to-worse player that by firsthand observation and reputation seems to be very good... That, combined with DanVal's take, certainly indicate a statistical quandary.

Is it possible some of these measures aren't truly reflecting Gordon's worth?
Do ORtg and PER consider that his TS% was better than any other perimeter player the Bulls had (excepting the seldom-used Piatkowski)? He should probably have had about .5 fewer TO in his 24 MPG. Is that really enough to consider him an average-or-below offensive producer, given his scoring rate?

I'll take the extra 14 points and 1.3 TO from Gordon, over Duhon's extra 4 assists (per-36 rates). At the same time, I know Skiles is a better coach than I.


The TS% and eFG measures capture what Gordon does when he gets the shot up. Ortg captures the effect of his shooting as well as the effect of his turnovers. I think that what might explain the discrepancy between reputation and season stats could be that Gordon had some games where he was frigging terrific, and other games where he was awful.

A look at his game log shows him having a few terrible shooting nights, then an eruption followed by bad shooting nights. He appears to have gotten more consistent later in the season.

This may not be the best way to look at this issue, but I'll do it anyway Smile -- I took the game logs for both Gordon and Gilbert Arenas from last season (because Arenas was Gordon's stat comparison at Justin's site). I did a pts per 48 minutes for each player, then had Excel do a Standard Deviation for each player's pts per 48 minutes. Gilbert's was 8.9; Gordon's was 13.0.

Arenas had a pts per 48 for the season of 29.9 -- Gordon 29.6. What this would suggest to me is that Gordon's scoring output was much more volatile than Arenas'. Viewed as a range, the Bulls could expect on most nights that Gordon would score 16-42 pts per 48 minutes while the Wizards could expect Arenas to get them 21-39. (I'm not sure if that's a valid way to look at the numbers -- I'm sure someone better at math can comment.)

I see a similar effect when I look at turnovers, suggesting (to me) that Gordon had a lot of variation in how often he commited turnovers game to game. My guess is that such variance isn't uncommon for rookies.
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Kevin Pelton
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PostPosted: Fri Aug 12, 2005 12:14 pm    Post subject: Reply with quote

WizardsKev wrote:
My guess is that such variance isn't uncommon for rookies.

Or bench players. To some extent, the Wizards were forced to stick with Arenas, and his stats probably evened out because of that. The Bulls, on the other hand, might determine Gordon was having an off-night and go with Duhon and Hinrich for more minutes.
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